Unit tests verify deterministic behavior. AI systems are probabilistic. Traditional assertions fail when correct outputs vary. “Generate a product description” has infinite valid responses.

Testing AI requires different approaches. Behavioral verification over exact matching. Property-based testing over example-based. Visual validation for UI outputs. Integration testing across the entire pipeline.

Testing Model Outputs

Problem: Non-Deterministic Results

# This test will fail randomly
def test_generate_description():
    description = model.generate("laptop")
    assert description == "A portable computer for work and entertainment"
    # Fails when model outputs equally valid: "Lightweight computing device for productivity"

Solution: Property Testing